William Cullen (179)
Election date: 1768 (Elected to the American Society.)William Cullen (15 April 1710–5 February 1790) was a medical physician and professor, and member of the American Philosophical Society by his election in 1768. Born in Scotland and educated at the University of Glasgow, Cullen apprenticed with a well-regarded surgeon apothecary and served as a ship surgeon for a time, before settling into practice in 1732. He undertook deeper medical training at the University of Edinburgh (1734–36) where he and others founded the student Royal Medical Society, before completing his MD at the University of Glasgow in 1740. After a time in private practice he returned to teach there, offering courses in materia medica and botany (influenced by Linnaeus), as well as chemistry, which for Cullen became a focal point. Over the 1740s, he elevated the study of chemistry as worthy of study separate from medicine and pharmacology. He was named professor of medicine at Glasgow (1751) before taking the chair of chemistry at the University of Edinburgh (1755); there, he later became professor of the institutes of medicine (1766) and finally professor of the practice of medicine (1773). Cullen’s most substantial achievement—among an array of accomplishments—was as a generous and influential teacher of students, among whom numbered APS members (and the founders of Philadelphia’s medical college) John Morgan, William Shippen Jr., Adam Kuhn, and Benjamin Rush. Consider just one mark of his influence: students took a one-off series of lectures on materia medica and issued an unauthorized publication in 1772, which Cullen sought to block, until discovering that the work was so popular he felt compelled to offer corrections (for a portion of the profits); late in life, he rewrote the entire volume. His many medical publications stemmed from his classroom lectures and preponderated throughout early America. His honors were many, including elected Fellowships in the Royal College of Physicians (1756) and the Royal Society of London (1777), and he was a founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1783). Tireless, only ill health drove him from his professorship in late 1789; after his death at his home just months later, Benjamin Rush delivered a public eulogy verging on hagiography, so grand was Cullen’s influence on the burgeoning world of medical knowledge. (PI, DNB)
Two editions: on in 1776 (Edinburgh) and one in 1797 (London).
Three editions: one in 1777, one in 1782, one in 1796.
At least forty-three editions: two in 1777 (Edinburgh, Dublin), two in 1778 (Edinburgh), two in 1779 (London, Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]), one in 1780 (Dublin), two in 1781 (Edinburgh, Dublin), one in 1781–1785 (Philadelphia), two in 1783 (Edinburgh, Dublin), four in 1784 (three in Edinburgh, one in Dublin), one in 1785 (Paris), one in 1786 (Edinburgh), one in 1787 (Edinburgh), one in 1788 (Edinburgh), one in 1789 (Edinburgh), two in 1790 (Edinburgh, Worcester, MA), one in 1791 (Edinburgh), two in 1792 (Dublin, Philadelphia), one in 1793 (New York), one in 1795 (Paris), two in 1796 (Edinburgh, Dublin), one in 1800 (Leipzig), two in 1801 (Philadelphia, New York), one in 1803 (Edinburgh), two in 1805 (Philadelphia, New York), two in 1806 (Philadelphia, New York), one in 1807 (Brookfield, MA), one in 1808 (New York), two in 1816 (Philadelphia), and one in 1818 (Philadelphia). The work appeared as a two, three, and four volume title at various times and places. The first American edition (Philadelphia: [1781–85]) was edited by APS Member Benjamin Rush.
One edition.
Per ESTC, "Betty Montgomery = William Cullen, Miss Jeany Muir = Dr. John Clark (NUC entry for Yale copy)."
Four total editions: three Edinburgh editions: one in 1772, one in 1777, and one in 1785; and one Boston edition in 1788.
1x 1775 (Philadelphia), 2x 1781 (Dublin), 1x 1787–88 (Paris), 1x 1789–90 (Paris)
1x 1792–94 (Padua)
At least nine editions: one in 1772 (London), two in 1773 (London, Dublin), one in 1775 (Philadelphia), 2x 1781 (Dublin), one in 1787–88 (Paris), one in 1789–90 (Paris), and one in 1792–94 (Padua).
At least six editions: 2x 1776 (Edinburgh, London), 1x 1780 (Dublin), 1x 1781 (Dublin), 1x 1784 (Edinburgh), 1x 1791 (London)
2x 1793 (Philadelphia, Springfield, MA), 1x 1795 (Edinburgh, Philadelphia), 1x 1800 (Edinburgh),
1x 1808 (Stockbridge, MA), 1x 1811 (Glasgow), 1x 1816 (Philadelphia), 1x 1819 (Paris)
At least nineteen editions: one in 1769 (Edinburgh), two in 1772 (Edinburgh), one in 1780 (Edinburgh), one in 1783 (New York), one in 1785 (Edinburgh), one in 1786 (Leipzig), one in 1788–91 (Madrid), two in 1792 (Edinburgh, Hartford), two in 1793 (Philadelphia, Springfield), two in 1795 (Edinburgh, Philadelphia), one in one in 1800 (Edinburgh), on in 1808 (Stockbridge, MA), one in 1811 (Glasgow), one in 1816 (Philadelphia), one in 1819 (Paris).
At least six editions. Three editions in 1789 (Edinburgh, London, Dublin), one in 1802 (New York), one in 1808 (Philadelphia), one in 1812 (Philadelphia).
Rather than correct the unauthorized edition of his lectures (187.007), Cullen wrote "an almost entirely new work."
Two editions in 1827: one in Edinburgh, one in London.